Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY

Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA)

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2021 Population

196,816

6.28% 1-year growth

US Senator

Chuck Schumer

Democratic Party

US Senator

Kirsten Gillibrand

Democratic Party

2021 Median Age

39.5

0.509% 1-year increase

2021 Poverty Rate

17.3%

5.8% 1-year increase

2021 Median Household Income

$61,008

4.57% 1-year growth

2021 Median Property Value

$911,500

3.59% 1-year growth

2021 Employed Population

82,785

3.85% 1-year growth

About

In 2021, Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY had a population of 197k people with a median age of 39.5 and a median household income of $61,008. Between 2020 and 2021 the population of Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY grew from 185,195 to 196,816, a 6.28% increase and its median household income grew from $58,340 to $61,008, a 4.57% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY are White (Non-Hispanic) (39.6%), Asian (Non-Hispanic) (39.5%), Other (Hispanic) (10.1%), White (Hispanic) (3.6%), and Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (3.09%).

73.9% of the households in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

77.1% of the residents in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in NYC-Brooklyn Community District 11--Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY are Empire Beauty School-Brooklyn (53 degrees awarded in 2021), Elyon College (44 degrees), and Merkaz Bnos-Business School (43 degrees).

In 2021, the median property value in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY was $911,500, and the homeownership rate was 36.5%.

Most people in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY used public transit to get to work, and the average commute time was 45.9 minutes. The average car ownership in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY was 1 car per household.

Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY borders Bay Ridge & Dyker Heights PUMA, NY, Borough Park, Kensington & Ocean Parkway PUMA, NY, Sheepshead Bay, Gerritsen Beach & Homecrest PUMA, NY, and Brighton Beach & Coney Island PUMA, NY.

United States New York

Population & Diversity

Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY is home to a population of 197k people, from which 77.1% are citizens. As of 2021, 54.5% of Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY residents were born outside of the country (107k people).

In 2021, there were 1 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (77.9k people) in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY than any other race or ethnicity. There were 77.7k Asian (Non-Hispanic) and 19.9k Other (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common non-English languages spoken as the primary langauge in households in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY are Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) (346,027 households), Spanish (126,112 households), and Russian (111,881 households).

Population & Diversity

Residents by Gender and Age

RACE/ETHNICITY

100,280

Women

50.9%

96,562

Men

49.1%

The resident population of United States in 2021 was 196,842 inhabitants, with 49.1% men, and 50.9% women.

The visualization shows the distribution of the residents by gender and age in the United States.

With the upper buttons you can add a filter by race.

Citizenship

77.1%

2021 Citizenship

77.7%

2020 Citizenship

As of 2021, 77.1% of Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY residents were US citizens, which is lower than the national average of 93.4%. In 2020, the percentage of US citizens in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY was 77.7%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY

White (Non-Hispanic)
77.9k ± 3.11k
Asian (Non-Hispanic)
77.7k ± 2.58k
Other (Hispanic)
19.9k ± 2.16k

16%

Hispanic Population

31.4k people

16% of the people in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY are hispanic (31.4k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

China
37,087 ± 4,259 people
Ukraine
6,820 ± 1,992 people
Mexico
5,282 ± 1,760 people

In 2021, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY was China, the natal country of 37,087 Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY residents, followed by Ukraine with 6,820 and Mexico with 5,282.

Foreign-Born Population

54.5%

2021 Foreign-Born Population

107k people

54.6%

2020 Foreign-Born Population

101k people

As of 2021, 54.5% of Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY residents (107k people) were born outside of the United States, which is higher than the national average of 13.6%. In 2020, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY was 54.6%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Non-English Households

Most Common Non-English Languages

Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese)
346,027 households (32.6%)
Spanish
126,112 households (11.9%)
Russian
111,881 households (10.5%)

73.9% of the households in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language, which is higher than the national average of 21.7%. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

In N/A, the most common non-English language spoken in households in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY was Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese). 32.6% of the households in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY reported speaking Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) at home as the primary shared language between all members living in the household.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
641 ± 152
Gulf War (2001-)
444 ± 125
Korea
306 ± 179

Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.44 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

The economy of Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY employs 82.8k people. The largest industries in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY are Construction (7,652 people), Home health care services (6,680 people), and Restaurants & Food Services (6,160 people), and the highest paying industries are Nondepository credit & related activities ($200,729), Newspaper publishers ($129,424), and Telecommunications, except wired telecommunications carriers ($119,068).

Males in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY have an average income that is 1.02 times higher than the average income of females, which is $61,024. The income inequality in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY (measured using the Gini index) is 0.441, which is lower than than the national average.

Employment

Workforce Diversity

Measure

RACE/ETHNICITY

37,250

Women

46.7%

42,465

Men

53.3%

The workforce of Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY in 2020 was 79,715 people, with 46.7% woman, and 53.3% men.

The visualization shows the distribution of the workforce by gender and age in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY.

With the upper buttons you can see the distribution of the average salary and add a filter by race.

Occupations

82.8k

2021 Value

3.85%

1 Year growth

± 3.85%

From 2020 to 2021, employment in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY grew at a rate of 3.85%, from 79.7k employees to 82.8k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY, are Home health aides (6,086 people), Construction laborers (2,722 people), and Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (2,095 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in New York (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Industries

Employment by Industries

82.8k

2021 Value

3.85%

1 Year growth

± 3.85%

From 2020 to 2021, employment in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY grew at a rate of 3.85%, from 79.7k employees to 82.8k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY, are Construction (7,652 people), Home health care services (6,680 people), and Restaurants & Food Services (6,160 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY, though some of these residents may live in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$40,064

Median earning men ± $1,641

$32,199

Median earning women ± $1,575

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2021 are Public Administration ($74,132), Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($72,000), and Information ($69,625).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2021 are Information ($69,097), Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($68,003), and Public Administration ($57,326).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

Y-Axis

2.75%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 155M people employed in New York. This represents a 2.75% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in New York.

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Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from New York to other states, or from other states to New York.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

In 2020, the top outbound New York product (by dollars) was Misc. mfg. prods. with $158B, followed by Mixed freight ($72.3B) and Electronics ($71.2B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound New York products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for New York.

$810B

2020 Value in New York

$1.62T

Projected 2050 Value in New York

100% growth

In 2020, total outbound New York trade was $810B. This is expected to increase 100% to $1.62T by 2050.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound New York trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from New York to other states, or from other states to New York.

Most Common Trade Partners

New Jersey
$65.9B
Pennsylvania
$49.6B
California
$30.8B

In 2020, the top outbound New York domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was New Jersey with $65.9B, followed by Pennsylvania with $49.6B and California and $30.8B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that New York shares with each state (excluding itself).

Civics

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in New York went to Joseph R Biden Jr. with 60.4% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (37.5%), followed by Other (0.813%).

Chuck Schumer and Kirsten Gillibrand are the senators currently representing the state of New York. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

New York is currently represented by 26 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY. Showing the available data for New York.

2020 Election Results

Joseph R Biden Jr. (60.4%)
Democratic Party
Donald J. Trump (37.5%)
Republican Party
Other (0.813%)
Alliance, American Solidarity, Becoming One Nation, Constitution, Independent, Other, Party For Socialism And Liberation, Prohibition, and The Birthday Party

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in New York went to Joseph R Biden Jr. with 60.4% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (37.5%), followed by Other (0.813%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in New York for each registered party from 1976 to 2020.

Senator Elections

US Senators from New York

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for New York.

Chuck Schumer

Senator from New York

Assumed office on January 3, 1999

Kirsten Gillibrand

Senator from New York

Assumed office on January 26, 2009
Appointed to the seat following the resignation of Hillary Clinton, who had become Secretary of State.

Chuck Schumer and Kirsten Gillibrand are the senators currently representing New York.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in New York over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representative Elections

US Representatives from New York

New York is currently represented by 26 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for New York have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2021, universities in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY awarded 148 degrees. The student population of Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY in 2021 is skewed towards women, with 180 male students and 272 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY are White (81 and 54.7%), followed by Asian (27 and 18.2%), Black or African American (27 and 18.2%), and Hispanic or Latino (9 and 6.08%).

The largest universities in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY by number of degrees awarded are Empire Beauty School-Brooklyn (53 and 35.8%), Elyon College (44 and 29.7%), and Merkaz Bnos-Business School (43 and 29.1%).

The most popular majors in NYC-Brooklyn Community District 11--Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY are General Cosmetology (53 and 35.8%), Judaic Studies (41 and 27.7%), and Medical Office Management (37 and 25%).

The median tuition cost in NYC-Brooklyn Community District 11--Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY for private four year colleges is $20,000.

Admissions & Enrollments

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

Measure

In 2021 in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY, the percentage of applicants admitted was 91.6%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 58.6%. The number of students enrolled in 2021 was 452 (39.8% men and 60.2% women).

The line chart shows the evolution of the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

Enrollments by Gender and Races

In 2021 there were 452 students enrolled in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY, 39.8% men and 60.2% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 266 records, of which 33.8% were women and 66.2% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Most Common

Medical Office Management
7 degrees awarded
Other Computer & Information Support Services
1 degrees awarded
General Cosmetology
53 degrees awarded

In 2021, the most common concentation for 1 to 2 Year Postsecondary Certificate recipients in NYC-Brooklyn Community District 11--Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY was Medical Office Management with 7 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a 1 to 2 Year Postsecondary Certificate from schools in NYC-Brooklyn Community District 11--Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Empire Beauty School-Brooklyn
53 degrees awarded
Elyon College
44 degrees awarded
Merkaz Bnos-Business School
43 degrees awarded

In 2021, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was Empire Beauty School-Brooklyn with 53 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

In 2021, 8 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY, which is 0.0571 times less than the 140 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2021 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 81 degrees mean that there were 3 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Asian, with 27 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($20,000) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2021.

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($450) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2021.

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($500) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Measure

In 2021, 4.31% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 4.64% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population of Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY in 2021 were High School or Equivalent (39.8k), Bachelors Degree (31.7k), and Primary Education (27.2k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY was $911,500 in 2021, which is 3.72 times larger than the national average of $244,900. Between 2020 and 2021 the median property value increased from $879,900 to $911,500, a 3.59% increase. The homeownership rate in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY is 36.5%, which is approximately the same as the national average of 64.6%.

People in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY have an average commute time of 45.9 minutes, and they used public transit to get to work. Car ownership in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY is lower than the national average, with an average of 1 car per household.

Median household income in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY is $61,008. In 2021, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY was Battery Park City, Greenwich Village & Soho PUMA, NY with a value of $160,523, followed by Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY and Westchester County (Northeast) PUMA, NY, with respective values of $154,796 and $153,800.

Housing

Property

$911,500

Median Property Value 2021

±$15,329

$23,604

Median Property Taxes

±$1,149

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

36.5%

Homeownership

2021

69.2%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2021

In 2021, 36.5% of the housing units in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 37%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

In 2021, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY was Battery Park City, Greenwich Village & Soho PUMA, NY with a value of $160,523, followed by Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY and Westchester County (Northeast) PUMA, NY, with respective values of $154,796 and $153,800.

The following map shows all of the PUMAs in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$61,008

Median Household Income

± $2,379

64.7k

Number of Households

± 1,965

In 2021, the median household income of the 64.7k households in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY grew to $61,008 from the previous year's value of $58,340.

The following chart displays the households in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

Wage Distribution

0.441

2021 Wage GINI in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY

0.456

2020 Wage GINI in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY

In 2021, the income inequality in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY was 0.441 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 3.41% decline from 2020 to 2021, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2021

Public Transit (52.2%)
Drove Alone (22.6%)
Worked At Home (8.34%)

In 2021, 52.2% of workers in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY used public transit to get to work, followed by those who drove alone to work (22.6%) and those who worked at home (8.34%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

45.9 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY have a longer commute time (45.9 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.8 minutes). Additionally, 8.2% of the workforce in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

1 car

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY have 1 car.

Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

17.3% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY (33.8k out of 196k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.6%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 35 - 44, followed by Females 75+ and then Females 45 - 54.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY is White, followed by Asian and Hispanic.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Health

91.4% of the population of Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY has health coverage, with 34% on employee plans, 37.2% on Medicaid, 8.58% on Medicare, 11.4% on non-group plans, and 0.164% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in New York see 1180 patients per year on average, which represents a 1.17% decrease from the previous year (1194 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1192 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 308 patients per year.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for New York.

1,180 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in New York

Primary care physicians in New York see an average of 1,180 patients per year. This represents a 1.17% decrease from the previous year (1,194 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in New York in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2021, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 23.3% under 18 years, 20.5% between 18 and 34 years, 40.5% between 35 and 64 years, and 15.7% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 48% were men and 52% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

8.59%

Uninsured

34%

Employer Coverage

37.2%

Medicaid

8.58%

Medicare

11.4%

Non-Group

0.164%

Military or VA

Between 2020 and 2021, the percent of uninsured citizens in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY grew by 2.01% from 8.42% to 8.59%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Bensonhurst & Bath Beach PUMA, NY changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.